ST. LOUIS — Dr. Gupta with Prairie Cardiology discusses Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), a condition that occurs when the blood vessels supplying the heart become clogged and narrowed due to plaque buildup. This plaque consists of fat, cholesterol, and other substances that restrict blood flow, increasing the risk of serious heart complications.

Recognizing the Warning Signs

As CAD progresses, the heart struggles to receive enough oxygen and nutrients, particularly during physical activity or stress. Common warning signs include:

  • Chest pain or tightness (angina)
  • Shortness of breath
  • Fatigue and dizziness
  • Pain in the arms, neck, jaw, or back

Without treatment, CAD can lead to life-threatening conditions such as heart attacks or heart failure. Early detection and medical intervention are crucial for managing the disease.

Who Is at Risk?

Several factors contribute to CAD, including:

  • Smoking: Damages arteries and accelerates plaque buildup
  • High blood pressure: Strains the heart and blood vessels
  • Obesity: Increases cholesterol levels and hypertension
  • Lack of exercise: Weakens overall heart health
  • Family history: Genetic factors can increase susceptibility
  • Diabetes and high cholesterol: Heighten the risk of arterial blockages

Prevention and Treatment

The good news is that CAD can often be prevented or managed with the right approach. Effective strategies include:

  • Healthy Eating: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains supports cardiovascular wellness.
  • Regular Exercise: Physical activity strengthens the heart and improves circulation.
  • Quitting Smoking: Avoiding tobacco significantly lowers CAD risk.
  • Managing Underlying Conditions: Controlling diabetes, cholesterol, and blood pressure reduces complications.
  • Medical Interventions: In severe cases, treatments like angioplasty or bypass surgery may be necessary to restore proper blood flow.

Take Action for a Healthy Heart

Coronary Artery Disease is a serious but manageable condition. By maintaining a heart-healthy lifestyle and seeking medical care as needed, individuals can significantly reduce their risk and improve their overall well-being. If you or a loved one experience symptoms, consult a healthcare provider promptly.

To learn more visit HSHS.org/Heart