ST. LOUIS — Dr. Scally, a cardiothoracic surgeon with Prairie Cardiovascular in O’Fallon, Illinois, explains mitral valve disease, a condition that affects the mitral valve, which controls blood flow between the heart’s left atrium and left ventricle. When this valve doesn’t function properly, it can lead to serious heart complications.
Types of Mitral Valve Disease
There are two primary forms of mitral valve disease:
- Mitral Valve Regurgitation: The valve doesn’t close completely, allowing blood to leak backward into the atrium.
- Mitral Valve Stenosis: The valve becomes too narrow, restricting proper blood flow.
Think of the mitral valve as a one-way door with two flaps. In regurgitation, the door fails to close tightly, causing backward blood flow. In stenosis, the opening narrows, making it harder for blood to pass through.
Symptoms to Watch For
Mitral valve disease can develop gradually or suddenly, and symptoms may vary in severity. Common signs include:
- Shortness of breath, especially during activity
- Fatigue
- Heart palpitations
- Chest pain
- Swollen feet or ankles
Treatment and Management
Treatment depends on the severity of the condition. Some mild cases may not require immediate intervention but need regular monitoring. For more severe cases, options include:
- Medications: To manage symptoms and prevent complications.
- Lifestyle Changes: Healthy habits like regular exercise and a balanced diet can support heart function.
- Surgical Interventions: In cases where the valve is severely damaged, procedures like valve repair or replacement may be necessary.
Prioritizing Heart Health
Early detection and proper management of mitral valve disease are essential for maintaining heart health. Regular check-ups with a cardiologist can help track the condition and determine the best course of action. If you experience symptoms, consult a healthcare provider promptly to discuss treatment options and keep your heart functioning at its best.
To learn more, visit HSHS.org/Heart